Tóm tắt

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of diabetic macular edema (ME) using optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to asscess its related factors. Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 eyes (35 patients) diagnosed with diabetic ME at the Department of Ophthalmology, 103 Military Hospital. Results: Mean age was 74.35 ± 9.01, female/male ratio: 0.84/1, HbA1c level was mainly in the range of 6.5 - 10%. Low visual acuity (VA) group (< 20/50) included 44/54 eyes. On OCT scan, diffuse edema was the highest proportion (40.7%), ocystic edema: 27.7%, local edema: 18.5%, ME with neurosensory detachment: 12.9%. The central macular thickness (CMT) (1 mm diameter) was 468.51 ± 97.24 µm (274 - 656 µm), macular thickness (6 mm diameter) was 337.41 ± 43.39 µm (209 - 411 µm), the macula column was 12.04 ± 1.44 mm3 (9.1 - 14.8 mm3). Vision acuity is significantly correlated with central retinal thickness (r = 0.86, p = 0.01, Pearson's test). The VA on the cystic edema group (0.85 ± 0.23) and edema with neurosensory detachment (0.77 ± 0.42) was significantly lower in the diffuse edema group (0.31 ± 0.12) and local edema (0.25 ± 0.09) with p = 0.012. Conclusion: An OCT of the retina is a necessary and valuable examination in diabetic ME. The diffuse ME is predominant, but the cystic and serous ME cause more severe visual impairment. Vision acuity loss correlated with the degree of ME. * Keywords: Macular edema; Optical coherence tomography; Type 2 diabetes.

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of diabetic macular edema (ME) using optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to asscess its related factors. Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 eyes (35 patients) diagnosed with diabetic ME at the Department of Ophthalmology, 103 Military Hospital. Results: Mean age was 74.35 ± 9.01, female/male ratio: 0.84/1, HbA1c level was mainly in the range of 6.5 - 10%. Low visual acuity (VA) group (< 20/50) included 44/54 eyes. On OCT scan, diffuse edema was the highest proportion (40.7%), ocystic edema: 27.7%, local edema: 18.5%, ME with neurosensory detachment: 12.9%. The central macular thickness (CMT) (1 mm diameter) was 468.51 ± 97.24 µm (274 - 656 µm), macular thickness (6 mm diameter) was 337.41 ± 43.39 µm (209 - 411 µm), the macula column was 12.04 ± 1.44 mm3 (9.1 - 14.8 mm3). Vision acuity is significantly correlated with central retinal thickness (r = 0.86, p = 0.01, Pearson's test). The VA on the cystic edema group (0.85 ± 0.23) and edema with neurosensory detachment (0.77 ± 0.42) was significantly lower in the diffuse edema group (0.31 ± 0.12) and local edema (0.25 ± 0.09) with p = 0.012. Conclusion: An OCT of the retina is a necessary and valuable examination in diabetic ME. The diffuse ME is predominant, but the cystic and serous ME cause more severe visual impairment. Vision acuity loss correlated with the degree of ME. * Keywords: Macular edema; Optical coherence tomography; Type 2 diabetes.